李淑如。〈張家港地區薦亡法會儀式與宣卷調查報告〉。《民俗曲藝》204 (2019.6): 197-250。
Lee Shu-ju. “Field Research on Buddhist Mortuary Rituals and
Precious Scroll Recitation in Zhangjiagang
City , Jiangsu
Abstract
江蘇省張家港市南部地區有許多歷史悠久的民間宣卷活動，地方上的講經先生以宣唱寶卷為業，在齋主有需要時前往民家為主家宣卷消災或祈福。寶卷宣演由來已久，民間寶卷作為非物質文化遺產的一部分，在民間講唱具有其特殊性，在這種背景下，2007年首度由中國官方支持出版的《中國•河陽寶卷集》，集中收錄諸多能反映當地風俗民情與信仰文化的寶卷，如《香山寶卷》、《地獄寶卷》與《十王卷》等。然而，這些寶卷目前都仍在宣演，以《香山寶卷》的使用最為廣泛，所受到學界關注的面向與研究成果也最多。而《地獄寶卷》則只在薦亡（度亡）佛事上使用，因涉及喪禮與家屬隱私及情緒，過去的相關調查與研究較少。另外，薦亡（度亡）佛事儀式進行時間為晚上至隔天凌晨，要進行實際田野調查並不容易。上一個較完整的調查已經是1997年的案例，故筆者想藉由2017年6月張家港地區的一次薦亡（度亡）法會完整調查來記錄薦亡（度亡）佛事的流程。剖析當天使用的各部寶卷版本及內容，並比較二十年來薦亡（度亡）法會的變與不變，透過田野調查，瞭解薦亡（度亡）佛事所使用寶卷的影響和儀式功能，進行薦亡（度亡）法會儀式與宣卷的全面性討論。
Performances
of “precious scroll recitation” (xuanjuan
宣卷)
ceremonies are still held in the southern parts of Zhangjiagang 張家港 City in Jiangsu Province, with
local “masters of scripture telling” (jiangjing
xiansheng 講經先生)
working as precious scroll (baojuan寶卷) performers in rites to help
people expel calamities and pray for blessings. Such performances occupy a
valued place in local communities, and have been recognized by the state as one
form of Chinese intangible cultural heritage. In addition, a book entitled Heyang Precious Scroll Collections that
was published by the government in 2007 preserves works reflecting local
customs and religious life such as the Precious
Scroll of Incense Mountain (Xiangshan
baojuan 香山寶卷), Precious Scroll on Purgatory (Diyu baojuan 地獄寶卷), and Precious Scroll of the Ten Kings (Shiwang juan 十王卷). Precious scroll recitation performances continue to flourish,
with the Precious Scroll of Incense
Mountain in particular attracting extensive scholarly attention and
numerous findings published in academic circles. However, research about the Precious Scroll on Purgatory is
relatively rare, one reason being that it is used in Buddhist mortuary rituals
for delivering the deceased to the Pure
Land