「救世團體與現代中國的新興宗教運動」專輯II
David
A. Palmer, Paul R. Katz, Wang Chien-chuan. “Introduction: Redemptive Societies
in Cultural and Historical Contexts.” Journal
of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore 173 (2011.9): 1-12.
“Redemptive societies” is a term coined
by Prasenjit Duara in his article “The Discourse of Civilization and
Pan-Asianism” in 2001, referring to a wave of religious movements which
appeared in Republican China, including the Tongshanshe同善社, Daoyuan道院, Yiguandao一貫道 and so on, which combined the Chinese tradition of “syncretic
sects” with philanthropy, social engagement, and aspirations to build a new
universal civilization. These groups arguably constituted the largest wave of
religious revival in Republican China. The destruction or confiscation of local
temples opened a space for their deterritorialised networks, while elaboration
of new formulations of sovereignty, modernity and civic duty gave them cultural
and social significance as providers of charity and as mediators between
Chinese spiritual tradition and modern constructions of nationhood and
universal civilization. Redemptive societies were precursors of the qigong 氣功 movement in the post-Mao People’s Republic and of the popular
Confucian revival of the early 21st century; and they continue to occupy an
important place in the religious landscapes of Taiwan ,
Vietnam , and among Chinese
diaspora communities in Southeast Asia .
In spite of their significant role and
impact, redemptive societies remain relatively ignored in scholarship on
religion in modern China, appearing primarily in the mainland historiography of
“reactionary sects and secret societies” 反動會道門 and
in ethnographic works on religion in post-war Taiwan. This special double issue
(nos. 172 and 173) of Min-su chü-i 民俗曲藝 (Journal of Chinese
Ritual, Theatre and Folklore) represents an initial attempt to fill that
gap through a selection of articles which critically examine the category of
redemptive societies, present case studies, and explore their interactions with
their socio-political environment and with other types of religious groups.
王見川、康豹、宗樹人。〈導言：關於「救世團體」：「鄉村宗教」或「邪教」？〉。《民俗曲藝》173
(2011.9): 13-21。
Abstract
本輯探討法輪功的文章指出，民國時期 (特別是1937至1945年大戰期間) 的救世團體儘管被政府視為「邪教」，但在中國北方上其宗教地位是被廣泛認可的，逐漸形成農村信仰的道德和儀式核心，扮演「鄉村宗教」的角色。本輯另兩篇介紹廣東和香港先天道的論文呈現不同的圖像，先天道並未變成「鄉村宗教」，而是形成獨具特色的齋堂。此外，「扶乩」在中國宗教文化上具有相當的重要性，本輯有專文透過研究台中一家鸞堂扶乩得來的觀音經文，去理解民間信仰、民間教派與佛教傳統如何在大環境宗教教義下融合的獨特形式。
Articles in this special issue
志賀市子。〈先天道嶺南道脈的思想和實踐：以廣東清遠飛霞洞為例〉。《民俗曲藝》173
(2011.9): 23-58。
Ichiko
Shiga. “The Ideas and Practices of the Xiantiandao’s Lingnan Branch: The Case
of the Feixia Dong (Qingyuan County ,
Guangdong
游子安、危丁明。〈先天道的尊孔崇道：香港道德會福慶堂、善慶洞的源流和變遷〉。《民俗曲藝》173
(2011.9): 59-99。
Yau
Chi On and Ngai Ting Ming. “Worshipping Confucius and Promoting the Dao: The
Origin and Development of the Fuqing Tang and Shanqing Dong of the
Xiantiandao’s Hong Kong Ethics Society.” Journal
of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore 173 (2011.9): 59-99.
Philip Clart. “Anchoring Guanyin: Appropriative
Strategies in a New Phoenix Hall Scripture.” Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore 173 (2011.9): 101-28.
柯若樸。〈錨定觀音：一部新的鸞堂經文的借用策略〉。《民俗曲藝》173
(2011.9): 101-28。
王大為。〈法輪功的歷史何在？〉。《民俗曲藝》173
(2011.9): 129-60。
David
Ownby. “A History for Falun Gong.” Journal
of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore 173 (2011.9): 129-60.
Research
Papers
徐海波。〈甘肅省會寧縣丁溝鄉南門村一次喪葬活動的考察及闡釋〉。《民俗曲藝》173
(2011.9): 161-263。
Xu
Haipo. “Investigation and Interpretation of a Funeral in Nanmen
Village , Huining County , Gansu
蕭進銘。〈淡水靈寶道壇的功德儀式：以混玄壇為核心的探討〉。《民俗曲藝》173
(2011.9): 233-77。
Hsiao
Chin-ming. “The Gongde Rituals of
Tamsui’s Lingbao Daoist Altars: A Case Study of the Hunxuan Altar.” Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and
Folklore 173 (2011.9): 233-77.