褚填正。〈文化資產審議新範例：文化部指定國定古蹟的嘉義城隍廟〉。《民俗曲藝》224 (2024.6): 283-319。
Chu Tien-cheng. “A New Paradigm for Reviewing Cultural Assets: The Chiayi City God Temple, a National Monument Designated by the Ministry of Culture.” Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore 224 (2024.6): 283-319.
Abstract
《文化資產保存法》自1982年頒布之後，歷經多次修訂而使國家更有系統地進行文化資產保存工作。近年已有數個寺廟經由文化資產審議機制而被文化部指定為國定古蹟，呈現當代新文化資產思維。康熙五十四年（1715）由「臺郡循吏冠」周鍾瑄知縣所建的嘉義城隍廟，是清初府城以北第一座官建城隍廟，轄區包括新港溪以北至現今基隆的廣闊之地，範圍達全臺三分之二，見證漢人的拓墾史。嘉義城隍廟在1985年成為第三級古蹟，2006年成為嘉義市定古蹟，2015年在原址立廟三百年成為國定古蹟，2022年《嘉義城隍廟志》更讓世人了解其變遷史。面對這個重要的官方城隍廟，如何躍升成為國定古蹟就值得再深入探討。本文透過公文檔案、調查報告書及訪談資料的整理，了解嘉義城隍廟在2007、2010、2011、2014等年份不斷提出申請與審議，也在中國科技大學的研究團隊專業協助之下，發現廟體擁有許多知名建築與工藝大師的作品，廟內也有城隍神轎、周鍾瑄神像、光緒帝御賜匾額等8件被文化部認證的文物，中元祭典也登錄為無形文化資產。經由重新鑑識其歷史與文化資產價值，也可做為檢證臺灣其他有形與無形文化資產的重要參考。
The Cultural Heritage Preservation Act was promulgated in 1982, and since then has been revised several times to ensure the systematic preservation of cultural assets in Taiwan. In recent years, the Ministry of Culture has designated several temples as national monuments through cultural heritage review, showcasing new forms of cultural heritage thought. The Chiayi City God Temple was built in 1715 by County Magistrate Zhou Zhongxuan, who was the top official in Taiwan at that time. It was the first government-built City God temple in the north of the Tainan prefectural city domain during the early Qing dynasty. The temple’s jurisdiction included a vast area from the north of the Xingang River to present-day Keelung, covering two-thirds of Taiwan and bearing witness to the history of its Han peoples. The Chiayi City God Temple became a third-level historic site in 1985, a Chiayi City-designated historic site in 2006, and a national monument in 2015. In 2022, The History of the Chiayi City God Temple was published, which helped the world understand these historical changes. This article aims to discuss how this important sacred site was transformed into a national monument. By using official documents, investigation reports, and interview data, the author and the China University of Technology research team examined applications and reviews of the Chiayi City God Temple in 2007, 2010, 2011, and 2014. Our research discovered that this temple contains many works by well-known architecture and craft masters. It also houses eight cultural relics certified by the Ministry of Culture, including the City God palanquin, a statue of Zhou Zhongxuan, and a placard bestowed by Emperor Guangxu. In addition, the temple’s Ghost Festival is registered as intangible cultural heritage. Our reconsideration of the value of this temple’s historical and cultural heritage can also serve as an important paradigm for verifying other forms of tangible and intangible cultural heritage in Taiwan.