林芳誠。〈文化遺產的束縛或護衛？以阿米斯音樂節的文化實踐與創造能動性為例〉。《民俗曲藝》200
(2018.6): 137-200。
Lin Fang-chen. “Safeguarding or Restraining
Cultural Heritage? Cultural Practice and Agency of Creativity in the Amis Music
Festival.” Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore 200 (2018.6): 137-200.
Abstract
本文以臺灣《文化資產保存法》於無形文化遺產分類項目中的「民俗」法律用語為主軸，探討民俗（folklore）與國家（nation-state）發展的關係，進一步透過聯合國教科文組織（UNESCO）1970年代以降之文化遺產相關措施，以及臺灣《文化資產保存法》創建過程進行對話，檢視「民俗」的法律用語於臺灣原住民族文化遺產的適用性與局限。
對此，筆者以都蘭阿美族年齡組織於阿米斯音樂節（Amis Music Festival）籌辦與進行的過程為例，探討都蘭阿美人如何透過文化復振以及傳統領域抗爭事件為契機，促進年齡組織於日常期間運作的慣性。同時藉由與音樂節企劃公司共同辦理音樂節的過程中，透過年齡組織動員進行的各項展演、場域設計與建置，展現的文化創造能動性（agency of creativity），而使其成為部落與外在社會溝通（communicate）的媒介。藉此與臺灣《文化資產保存法》進行對話，在保護（protect）、保存（preservation）等概念的法律制度當中，因無形文化遺產具有的持續創造性質，在涉及文化權、人權的狀態下，都蘭阿美人如何以音樂節形態建立文化遺產護衛（safeguard）制度。
In this article, my discussion of the concept of “folklore” is
based on its legal usage in the intangible cultural heritage categories of the Cultural Heritage Preservation Act in Taiwan Taiwan
The case studied in this article is the Amis Music Festival,
organized by the ‘Atolan Amis age groups. I discuss how the Amis people take
opportunity of the cultural revival and traditional territory-reclaiming
movements to promote the regular participation of public affairs by the age
groups during non-festivity periods.
In collaboration with the musical management company to stage
the music festival, the age groups organize and promote the performances,
design and construct the site of event, through which they exhibit the agency
of creativity of ‘Atolan Amis and become the medium with which the tribe
communicates with the external society. I then conduct a dialogue with the Cultural Heritage Preservation Act. I
argue that terms like “protection” and “preservation” in the legal system,
restrain the development of the indigenous communities’ cultural rights and
sovereignty. I also demonstrate how the ‘Atolan Amis employ the music festival
to build a system that safeguards their cultural heritage.
Also in Journal of Chinese
Ritual, Theatre and Folklore:
林芳誠。〈法制化體系的保障或切割？以都蘭阿美人的歌舞實踐為例談無形文化遺產法制化體系與原住民族文化主體性的展現〉。《民俗曲藝》196 (2017.6): 15-83。
Lin Fang-chen. “Protection or Excision?
Legal System of Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Representation of
Indigenous Cultural Identity, a Case Study on the Songs and Dances of ‘Atolan
Amis.” Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and
Folklore 196 (2017.6): 15-83.