2011-09-24

淡水靈寶道壇的功德儀式:以混玄壇為核心的探討

蕭進銘。〈淡水靈寶道壇的功德儀式:以混玄壇為核心的探討〉。《民俗曲藝》173 (2011.9): 233-77
Hsiao Chin-ming. “The Gongde Rituals of Tamsui’s Lingbao Daoist Altars: A Case Study of the Hunxuan Altar.” Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore 173 (2011.9): 233-77.




Abstract


淡水的道壇是臺灣桃園以北僅存的原生性靈寶道壇。雖然這些道壇和南部的靈寶道壇皆同屬靈寶派,但因傳承來源的不同,以及長期身處在正一道壇及釋教壇這些強勢的文化當中,因此,保存着,抑或逐漸發展出一些不同於南部靈寶派的特色。本篇論文,採用文獻分析、田野調查、深度訪談及對比研究的方法,深入剖析及探討淡水混玄壇功德儀式的內涵和特色。在論文的前半部,我們嘗試勾勒出淡水靈寶道壇的源頭、傳衍情形及現況。後半部,則透過和南部靈寶派的比較,逐一闡述混玄壇功德儀式各科儀的內涵、作法及特質。通過本文的研究,我們發現,淡水靈寶派功德儀式,具有如下數種獨特的內涵:「功德」的意涵特殊及濃厚、部分儀式內容及作法獨特、重視孝道及慎終追遠的思想、受釋教影響大。本文的研究發現,除了可以豐富我們對於臺灣靈寶派功德儀式的認識外,亦可彌補向來研究皆偏重在臺灣南部的不足。


The Daoist altars of Tamsui are the only Lingbao altars in Northern Taiwan. Although the Daoist altars of Tamsui and those of Southern Taiwan all originated from the Lingbao school, because of separate lineages and the dominant influences from Zhengyi and Shijiao altars of Northern Taiwan, the former preserve, or rather, gradually develop specific characteristics that set themselves apart from the Daoist altars of Southern Taiwan. This article, through fieldwork, in-depth interviews, content analysis, and comparative study, analyzes the characteristics of gongde rituals of Tamsui Lingbao altars. In the first half of this article, I attempt to outline the origin, transmission, and current situation of the Lingbao altars in Tamsui. In the second half, I compare their rituals with those of the Southern Lingbao altars, paying special attention to the content, procedure, and characteristics of the Hunxuan Altar liturgies. The Tamsui Lingbao gongde rituals are unique in the following aspects. First of all, the gongde rituals are rich in significance. Second, the content of certain ritual is particularly different from that of the Southern Lingbao altars. Third, the Tamsui gongde rituals lay much emphasis on filial piety and ancestral worship. Fourth, the Tamsui Lingbao gongde rituals have obviously been influenced by the Shijiao tradition. In addition to enhancing our understanding of the Lingbao gongde rituals in Taiwan, this article also serves to balance the current lopsided research interests on the Southern Daoist altars.

Also in Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore:

李豐楙。〈複合與變革:臺灣道教拔度儀中的目連戲〉。《民俗曲藝》9495合刊本 (1995.5): 83-116

勞格文 (John Lagerwey)。〈臺灣北部正一派道士譜系〉。許麗玲譯。《民俗曲藝》103 (1996.9): 31-47

勞格文 (John Lagerwey)。〈臺灣北部正一派道士譜系(續篇)〉。許麗玲譯。《民俗曲藝》114 (1998.7): 83-98

林振源。〈閩南客家地區的道教儀式:三朝醮個案〉。《民俗曲藝》158 (2007.12): 197-253
Lin Chen-yuan. "Taoist Rituals of the Minnan/Hakka Area: A Case Study of a Three-Day Jiao." Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore 158 (2007.12): 197-253.